The /etc/hosts file on a Linux system is a critical configuration file that maps hostnames to IP addresses. This file allows a user to manually associate specific IP addresses with domain names, effectively bypassing the DNS (Domain Name System) lookup process for these entries. The file typically contains lines of text where each line represents ... Read more
To enlarge a disk in a VMware Linux virtual machine, you'll need to follow a multi-step process. This involves both VMware-related operations and Linux command-line instructions to resize the partition and the filesystem. Here is the complete step-by-step guide: Step 1: Enlarge the Virtual Disk in VMware Shutdown the VM: Power off the virtual machine ... Read more
Since ISPConfig 3.2.12, the password can be reset using ispc command: Reset the password of the admin user. The command is: ispc user set-password admin ISPConfig before 3.2.12 On older systems, you can use the following method to temporarily setting a new password. If you lost your ISPConfig 3 administrator password, you can reset it ... Read more
php_admin_value and php_value are directives used in PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) configuration, often seen in context with web server setups like Apache or Nginx. They are used to set values for PHP's configuration directives e.g. in a PHP-FPM pool file or in the Apache server configuration. This is an alternative to changing PHP settings in ... Read more
pSome internet access providers have port 25 disabled in their routers to prevent spam. If you run your own email server in a data center, you might have to enable the submission port (587) in postfix to be able to send emails from your local email client to your own mail server. Enable Submission Port ... Read more
The Nginx web server has a max. body size limit of 1 MB for requests as default. This might be too low for file uploads in scripts and you will see the following error message when you try to upload a file: 413 Request Entity Too Large The configuration variable for this option is "client_max_body_size" ... Read more
You are using a Postfix mail server, and your system started sending masses of spam emails? The following guide will show you how to narrow down how spam is sent by inspecting emails in the mail queue. To use the postcat command in Postfix to find out who has sent an email that is currently ... Read more
This guide will show you step-by-step how to requeue emails in Postfix on Linux. I've been using these steps on my Debian and Ubuntu mail servers, but they should work on other Linux distributions like CentOS, Rocky Linux and AlmaLinux too. Requeue Email in Postfix Access the Linux System: Log in to the Linux system ... Read more
NFS (Network File System) is a distributed file system protocol developed by Sun Microsystems to share files and folders between Linux/Unix systems. NFS allows us to mount the file system over the local network. NFS uses standard client/server architecture for sharing files and directories between Linux-based systems. This tutorial will help you to set up ... Read more
If you run a firewall on your Linux server and want to use passive FTP connections, you have to define the passive port range in pure-ftpd and your firewall to ensure that the connections don't get blocked. The following example is for pure-ftpd on Debian or Ubuntu Linux and ISPConfig 3. Set Passive Port Range ... Read more